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《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1462-y
•Considering evenness provides a more accurate assessment of sustainable development.
关键词: Water conservation Environmental protection Industry transformation Evenness Sustainable development Dryland
李骏
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第8期 页码 64-71
我国正由汽车工业消费大国向汽车生产大国过渡,汽车工业在GDP中的比重不断攀升,已成长为国民经济支柱,目前已基本形成汽车产品自主开发和技术创新能力。面对日益突出的能源及环境保护问题,以及正面参与国际竞争的压力,汽车产品的竞争要素也在不断转变,动力总成作为汽车产品的关键核心部件,在其中扮演着举足轻重的角色。随着竞争环境的复杂多变,以及顾客需求的多样化,汽车动力总成产品新的竞争局面正在形成,由单纯的追求性能,发展成为目前面向节能、环保、安全及发展循环经济的国际竞争,分析了中国汽车动力总成节能、环保的主要课题,阐述了目前汽车动力总成产品的主要技术,并剖析了一汽(FAW)的技术对策及产品战略。
Sediment environmental capacity of 137Cs in Daya Bay
ZHANG Junli, CHEN Jiajun, XU Jialin, LI Yuanxin, HUANG Naiming
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 202-206 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0035-z
关键词: concept Sediment environmental conservation theory significant degradation ecosystem
傅志寰,宋忠奎,陈小寰,王健夫,赵吉诗
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期 页码 75-80
加快发展节能环保产业是推进我国产业结构调整、转变经济发展方式的重要途径,是应对气候变化,抢占未来竞争制高点的战略选择。本文介绍了我国节能环保产业发展的现状,分析了当前节能环保产业在发展过程中面临的问题,未来发展的重点领域和技术发展方向,提出了“十三五”期间我国节能环保产业发展的主要目标、相应的重点支撑工程和对策建议。
关键词: 节能;环保;资源循环利用;产业;对策
刘友平,李义,张丕界,何广沂
《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第9期 页码 39-46
工程爆破节能环保技术的核心内容是往炮眼中一定位置注入一定量的水并用专用设备制成的炮泥回填堵塞,与常规工程爆破相比,具有显著的节能环保作用。主要介绍了往炮眼底部注水在实际应用中所产生的作用与效果并对此进行了分析,而且通过模拟实验应变测试结果证明了理论分析的正确性。
Guofang SHEN
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第4期 页码 376-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017186
关键词: ecological conservation development construction ” description important governmental
冯慧娟,罗宏,裴莹莹,薛婕,杨占红,吕连宏
《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第4期 页码 1-8 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.04.001
发展节能环保产业是建设生态文明、实现绿色发展的重要保障,也是经济新常态下国民经济的新增长点。从我国节能环保产业发展的现状出发,剖析产业发展的深层次问题。对“十三五”产业发展的新趋势做出研判,确定产业发展的目标和重点工程,提出促进我国节能环保产业发展的战略建议。
The Construction of a Green Transportation System of China
Zhi-huan Fu,Qing-zhong Luo,Guang-zhi Jia
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第1期 页码 3-12 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014003
关键词: green transportation energy saving and emission reduction environmental conservation
傅志寰
《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第12期 页码 13-16
近年来我国能源消费增长快、利用效率低的问题比较突出,原有《节能法》已经不能适应当前节能工作的要求。为了推动全社会的节约能源工作,全国人大今年修订了这部法律。文章介绍了修订后的《节能法》基本思路、主要内容和实施后的初步效果。
Building Energy Conservation and Technology
Yi JIANG, Xiaohua LIU,
《能源前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期 页码 1-1 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0025-x
CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第1期 页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021431
China is the largest agricultural producer in the world. Reducing yield losses caused by pests is an important issue and major challenge for China, especially when confronting global climate change, biological invasions and declining agricultural biodiversity of recent decades. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the impacts of changing climate on two staple crops in China, wheat and rice (https://doi.org/FASE-2021432). They reviewed the impacts of climate change on crops, crop pests and crop diseases. Basically, increased temperature would reduce crop yields and increase pest damage. Biological invasions have become a serious threat to the agriculture worldwide. Developing approaches for monitoring and controlling invasive pests, such as fall armyworm, has been recognized as high priority for China. The excessive use of highly toxic pesticides has caused considerable damage to the environment and biodiversity, which is also one of the many contributors to the increasing outbreaks of pests and diseases. In addition, understanding interaction between crop pests and plant diseases is another critical challenge for agriculture. About 80% plant viruses can be transmitted by crop pest vectors such as aphids, whiteflies and other hemipteran pests. Therefore, to solve the problem of crop pests and diseases, suitable green crop protection methods have been identified as a key components of sustainable development. This special issue of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering outlines potential conservation and utilization of green options for crop protection.
To prevent outbreaks of crop pests, an advanced monitoring and early warning system could be the first step in crop protection. The use of science and technology in monitoring and early warning of major crop pests provides better pest management and acts as a fundamental part of an integrated plant protection strategy to achieve the goal of sustainable development of agriculture. Wu et al. (this issue) summarized the fundamental information on pest monitoring and early warning in China by documenting the history of research and application, Chinese laws and regulations related to plant protection, and the National Monitoring and Early Warning System, with the purpose of presenting the Chinese model as an example of how to promote regional management of crop pests, especially cross border pests such as fall armyworm and locust, by international cooperation across pest-impacted countries (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021411). They provide an overview of long-term Chinese efforts in the fight against major pests and to present the country’s experience in crop pest monitoring and early warning technology to the world.
Field management is a traditional conservation agriculture technique on plant protection such as no-till cropping, crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping. Shi et al. (this issue) found that soil solarization is an environmental-friendly promising strategy that achieved complete mortality to the larvae of Bradysia cellarum (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021402). Crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping of different crops or plants could help to reduce the outbreak of crop pests and diseases. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the interactions and trade-offs between plants and entomophagous arthropods, and discussed a landscape management method by sowing flowering plants in agricultural fields (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021427). However, such methods are limited when crop pests have already become well established in crop fields.
Pesticides are widely used in the crop protection. The ideal pesticide should have high effectiveness in the control crop pests but low toxicity to non-target organisms. In this case, biopesticides including biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides and plant-incorporated protectants are considered to be potential ideal pesticides for crop protection. Biochemical pesticides are the naturally occurring substances, they are derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial pesticides mainly rely on bacteria, fungi, virus or protozoans as the active agent. They are environment-friendly biopesticides with high effectiveness and species-specificity, and have been commercialized worldwide, for example, Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant-incorporated protectants are products that are genetically incorporated into plant tissues including chemicals, proteins or dsRNA for pest control or anti-microbial activity. Qu et al. (this issue) systematically introduced bioinsecticides for pest control and discussed current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used and proposed the future research directions in this issue (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021404). Xu et al. (this issue) optimized synthesis process of an anti-plant-virus candidate drug NK0238, and evaluated the antivirus activity and environmental safety of this product (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021390). Zhu et al. (this issue) investigated a new family of natural cyclic lipodepsipeptides with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. By genetic manipulation of accessory genes in the WAP biosynthetic gene cluster, new WAP-8294As were produced in Lysobacter, which confirmed the possibility to expand the spectrum of the biocontrol compounds (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021410). In addition, structural biology studies on action targets provides important insights on molecular functions. Using a structure-based drug design strategy, Zheng et al. (this issue) prepared a battery of novel triketone-quinoxaline compounds, which could be potentially applied to design new herbicides targeting p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021401).
With the development and application of new biotechnology in agriculture, opportunities for crop protection are great becoming more abundant, opening new approaches, such as genetic engineering, to improve the plant resistance against crop pests and diseases. It is now feasible to control pests by directly targeting genes that are essential for the development and survival of insects and pathogenic microorganisms, for example, the sterile insect technique based on gene-drive and RNA interference using dsRNA. In addition, it has been confirmed that some gene families are effective targets that indirectly contribute to crop pests and diseases protection by targeting the plant biochemical synthesis or virus transmitting pathways. In this case, identifying new genes associated with the interaction between crops, insects, microorganisms should be a key focus, both now and in the future. Huang et al. (this issue) summarized the recent research on the interaction between plant viruses and insect vectors, and discussed the potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology and gene-driven technology (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021389).
We anticipate that the ideas and approaches highlighted in this issue will help broaden reader’s perspectives on every increasing prospect for a new era of sustainable and environment-friendly agricultural pest management.
傅志寰,宋忠奎,陈小寰,李晓燕
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期 页码 16-22
绿色发展是我国在发展过程中面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化所必须树立的理念和发展方向。本文通过分析我国近年来工业发展的成就以及面临的挑战,提出了我国工业绿色发展必须推进源头削减和末端治理相结合、持续深化信息技术在工业过程的应用、大力发展循环经济和战略性新兴产业、加快发展生产性服务业等对策和建议。
关键词: 绿色发展;节能环保;结构调整;两化融合
The effect of conservation tillage on crop yield in China
Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Huanwen GAO,Ying CHEN,Zhiqiang ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第2期 页码 179-185 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015058
关键词: conservation tillage crop yield soil structure development strategies
Dawei ZHANG
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 557-563 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0077-5
关键词: ecological conservation redline development of energy and mineral resources coordinated development
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Water resource conservation promotes synergy between economy and environment in China’s northern drylands
期刊论文
Sediment environmental capacity of 137Cs in Daya Bay
ZHANG Junli, CHEN Jiajun, XU Jialin, LI Yuanxin, HUANG Naiming
期刊论文
Ecological conservation, remediation and construction for building an ecological civilization in China
Guofang SHEN
期刊论文
The Construction of a Green Transportation System of China
Zhi-huan Fu,Qing-zhong Luo,Guang-zhi Jia
期刊论文
The effect of conservation tillage on crop yield in China
Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Huanwen GAO,Ying CHEN,Zhiqiang ZHANG
期刊论文